*  Course allowed for graduate credit to students enrolled in a graduate program. Normally, a graduate student
     enrolled in a starred course numbered below 500 is required to do extra coursework.
@  May be repeated for credit because subject matter varies.
†    May be repeated for credit with permission of department chairperson (or dean).
††  May be repeated for credit with permission of department chairperson (or dean) and instructor.
[ ]   Former course number or title.

General Interest Courses in Physics and Astronomy

Astr 101.  Introduction to Astronomy.  (3)
The theme is cosmic evolution.  It provides a guided tour of the universe to find out where and when we are in the cosmos.  The
presentation is descriptive and non-mathematical.  It starts with an overview into people's ideas about the universe.  After an
inquiry into the origin and evolution of the solar system, a study of stars is made to find the place of the solar system in the Milky
Way Galaxy.  Finally, a history is presented of the physical, chemical, and biological evolution of the universe, from its beginning
in a big bang to the possibility of life elsewhere in the Galaxy.  Special topics may include black holes, interstellar
communication, UFOs, and missions to the planets.  No preparation is assumed.  Important concepts of physics, chemistry,
geology and biology are introduced in the context of the course.  See Astr 101L for optional observations.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

Astr 101L.  [Astr 111L.]  Astronomy Laboratory.  (1)
Intended as an adjunct to Astr 101, this course deals with elementary techniques in astronomical observations.
Pre- or corequisite: Astr 101.  {Fall, Spring}

Astr 109.  Selected topics in Astronomy.  (1-3 to a maximum of 12)
Designed as a follow-up course to 101.  This course will focus on one topic in astronomy for an in-depth investigation of its core
concepts and implications.  May be repeated, but topics must be substantially different from semester to semester.
Prerequisites: 101 and permission of instructor.  {Offered upon demand.}

Physcs 102.  Introduction to Physics.  (3)
Designed for non-science students in all colleges as well as for students planning to major in the sciences who want a general
introduction to the basic phenomena and concepts of physics.  The treatment is primarily descriptive, with practical
demonstrations and applications and with a minimum of elementary mathematics.  No previous preparation is assumed.  Basic
physical concepts such as energy, momentum, and electric charge are discussed as well as the properties of gravitational,
electromagnetic and nuclear forces, and wave phenomena.  The basic ideas of relativity and quantum theory are introduced.  See
Physcs 102L for an optional laboratory.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

Physcs 102L.  [112L.]  Physics Laboratory.  (1)
A physics laboratory offered in conjunction with Physcs 102 for students desiring laboratory credit.  Experiments and projects
designed to explain basic physical concepts related to the atom, the environment, and the universe.
Pre- or corequisite: 102.  2 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

Physcs 105.  Physics and Society.  (3)
Intended for the student with minimum previous exposure to physical science.  The concepts, ideas, and methodology of physics
are developed as the basis for a discussion of their impact on society and the impact of society on the development of physics.
Thermal physics leads to a discussion of meteorology, climatology, pollution, weather modification, violent storms, aviation
weather and soaring; energy concepts and special relativity lead to a discussion of mass energy, nuclear fission and fusion
reactors, nuclear weapons, science policy and ethics, energy problems and alternative sources.  {Spring}

Physcs 106.  Light and Color.  (3)
This elementary course in optics and optical phenomena is intended primarily for students in the liberal arts, fine arts, and
education.  Light and color and optical systems are explained with demonstrations and graphical techniques, without formal
mathematics.  The formation of images with mirrors and lenses, wave phenomena, the eye, rainbows, tricks with polarized light,
lasers and holography are covered.  See Physcs 106L for an optional laboratory.  {Fall}

Physcs 106L.  [116L.]  Light and Color Laboratory.  (1)
A laboratory offered in conjunction with Physcs 106 for students desiring laboratory credit.  Experiments and demonstrations with
optical phenomena; lenses, mirrors, the eye, interference, diffraction, polarization, lasers.  Pre- or corequisite: 106.  {Fall}

Physcs 107.  Problems for Introduction to Physics.  (1)
Instructor-led study session for Physcs 102, including problem solving and demonstrations.  Corequisite: 102.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only. {Summer, Fall, Spring}

Physcs 108.  Introduction to Musical Acoustics.  (3)
Designed to provide a physical foundation of understanding the experience of music and the acoustics of the environment of
music.  It consists of the nonmathematical application of concepts of physics to sound perception, musical instruments, and to
acoustics of the auditorium.  Most of the topics covered are fully demonstrated in class.  These include the nature of sound and its
sources, functioning of the ear, harmonics and tone quality, auditorium response, pitch and musical scales, demonstration and
analysis of the piano and other stringed instruments, woodwinds, brasses, the voice, discussion of electronic reproduction and
synthesis of sound.  See Physcs 108L for an optional laboratory.  {Spring}

Physcs 108L.  [118L.]  Musical Acoustics Laboratory.  (1)
Intended as an adjunct to 108, this course emphasizes electronics and electronic equipment pertaining to acoustics and to
music.  Pre- or corequisite: 108.  2 hrs. lab.  {Spring}
 

Physics (Physcs)
For Physcs 102 through 108L, see the general interest courses described above.

151.  General Physics.  (3)
Mechanics, sound, heat.  The sequence 151, 151L,152, 152L, is required of pre-medical, pre-dental, and pre-optometry students.
Only 151 and 152 are required of pharmacy students.  Prerequisite: A working knowledge of algebra at the level of Math 150, and of trigonometry.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

151L.  [153L.]  General Physics Laboratory.  (1)
Mechanics, sound, heat.  Pre- or corequisite: 151.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

152.  General Physics.  (3)
Electricity, magnetism, optics.  Prerequisite: 151.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

152L.  [154L.]  General Physics Laboratory.  (1)
Electricity, magnetism, optics.  Pre- or corequisite: 152.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

157.  Problems in General Physics.  (1)
Problem solving and demonstrations related to 151.  Corequisite: 151. Offered on a CR/NC basis only.  {Fall, Spring}

158.  Problems in General Physics.  (1)
Problem solving and demonstrations related to 152.   Corequisite: 152. Offered on a CR/NC basis only.  {Fall, Spring}

160.  General Physics.  (3)
Mechanics, sound.  The sequence 160, 160L, 161, 161L, 262, 262L is required of students planning to major in certain sciences
 and in engineering.  Pre- or corequisite: Math 162L.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

160L.   [163L.]  General Physics Laboratory.  (1)
Mechanics, sound, heat.  Pre- or corequisite: 161.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

161.  General Physics.  (3)
Heat, electricity, magnetism.  Prerequisite: 160; pre- or corequisite: Math 163L.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

161L.  General Physics Laboratory.  (1)
Electricity and magnetism.  Pre- or corequisite: 161.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

162.  Exploring Physics and Astronomy.  (1)
The instructor meets with the students once per week for a discussion seminar with a department faculty member or a guided tour
of a physics and astronomy laboratory. Prerequisite: 160.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only.  {Fall, Spring}

167. Problems in General Physics.  (1)
Problem solving and demonstrations related to 160.  Corequisite: 160.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only. {Fall, Spring}

168. Problems in General Physics.  (1)
Problem solving and demonstrations related to 161. Corequisite: 161.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only.  {Fall, Spring}

262.  General Physics.  (3)
Optics, modern physics.  Prerequisite: 161; pre- or corequisite: Math 264L.  {Summer, Fall, Spring}

262L.  [264L.]  General Physics Laboratory.  (1)
Optics and modern physics.  Pre- or corequisite: 262.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall, Spring}

265L.  Individual Laboratory Work in General Physics.  (1)
Prerequisite: permission of instructor.  3 hrs. lab.  {Offered upon demand}

267.  Problems in General Physics.  (1)
Problem solving and demonstrations related to 262. Corequisite: 262.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only. {Fall, Spring}

**301.  Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics.  (3)
Classical thermodynamics; classical statistical mechanics; quantum statistical mechanics. Prerequisite: 330 or equivalent.  {Fall}

**302.  Optics.  (3)
Geometrical optics; wave theory of light; Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction; polarization; dispersion, absorption, and scattering.
{Alternate Springs}

**303.  Analytical Mechanics.  (3)
Statics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, mechanics of continuous media, Lagange's and Hamilton's equations, small
vibrations.  Pre- or corequisites: Math 316 and 311.  {Fall}

**304.  Analytical Mechanics.  (3)
Statics and dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, mechanics of continuous media, Lagange's and Hamilton's equations, small
vibrations.  Pre- or corequisites: Math 312.  {Spring}

**307L.  Junior Laboratory.  (3)
Experiments in modern physics and experimental methods.  1 lecture, 3 hrs. lab.  each semester.  {Fall}

308L.  Junior Laboratory.  (3)
Contemporary electronics.  1 lecture, 3 hrs. lab.  each semester.  {Spring}

**327.  Geophysics.  (3)
(Also offered as E&PS 427.)  Applications of gravity, magnetics, seismology, heat flow to the structure, constitution, and
deformation of the earth.  Related aspects of plate tectonics and resource exploration. Prerequisites: 262, E&PS 101, Math 264, or permission of instructor.

**330.  Introduction to Modern Physics.  (3)
Special relativity; quantum effects; introductory quantum mechanics; atomic and subatomic physics; instruments of modern
physics. Prerequisite: 262 or equivalent.  {Spring}

*400.  Seminar.  (1 hr.  per semester) ††
Student presentations, both extemporaneous and prepared, of undergraduate physics problems.  Offered on CR/NC basis only.
{Fall, Spring}

**405.  Electricity and Magnetism.  (3)
Electrostatics, theory of dielectric materials; magnetostatics, theory of magnetic materials; direct and alternating circuit theory;
Maxwell's equations; propagation, reflection and refraction of plane waves; wave guides and cavity resonators.
Pre- or corequisites: Math 311 and 316.  {Spring}

**406.  Electricity and Magnetism.  (3)
Electrostatics, theory of dielectric materials; magnetostatics, theory of magnetic materials; direct and alternating circuit theory;
Maxwell's equations; propagation, reflection and refraction of plane waves; wave guides and cavity resonators.
Pre- or corequisite: Math 312.  {Fall}

*430.  Introduction to Solid State Physics.  (3)
Free electron gas, energy bands, crystals, semiconductors, metals, elementary excitations, superconductivity.
Prerequisite: 491 or equivalent.  {alternate Springs}

*432.  Introduction to Hydrodynamics.  (3)
(Also offered as Astr 432.)  Basic concepts and principles, rotational and irrotational flows, momentum equation, stability,
turbulence, flowpatterns, shocks, applications.  {Offered upon demand}

*437.  Introduction to Solar-Terrestrial Physics.  (3)
(Also offered as Astr 437.)  The sun as a star, solar activity, acceleration of particles on the sun and in interplanetary space,
dynamics of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field, magnetosphere of the earth, ring current, radiation belts,
solar-terrestrial effects.  {Offered upon demand}

*445.  Introduction to Cosmic Radiation.  (3)
(Also offered as Astr 445.)  Primary cosmic radiation, Stormer theory, production and detection of secondary cosmic radiation,
meteorological and environmental effects, temporal variations, heliospheric transport, extensive air showers and origin of cosmic
rays.  {Offered upon demand}

*450.  Introduction to Subatomic Physics.  (3)
Introductory topics in nuclear and particle physics; overview of standard model.  Prerequisite: 491 or equivalent.  {alternate Springs}

*451.  Problems.  (1-3 hrs. per semester, to a maximum of 6)
Offered on a CR/NC basis only.

*452.  Research Methods.  (1-3 hrs. per semester, to a maximum of 6)

*463.  Advanced Optics I.  (3)
(Also offered as EECE 463.)  Electromagnetic theory of geometrical optics, Gaussian ray tracing and matrix methods, finite ray
tracing, aberrations, interference and diffraction. Prerequisite: 302.  {Fall}

*464.  Laser Physics I.  (3)
(Also offered as EECE 464.)  Quantum theory of radiation.  Introduction to two-level system, spontaneous and stimulated
emission; gas, semiconductor and solid state lasers. Prerequisite: 406 or EECE 362.  {Fall}

*466.  Methods of Theoretical Physics I.  (3)
Complex variables; special functions; ordinary differential equations; integral transforms; numerical methods.  {Fall}

*467.  Methods of Theoretical Physics II.  (3)
Partial differential equations; Green’s function; integral equations; linear algebra; numerical methods.  {Spring}

*476L.  Experimental Techniques of Optics.  (3)
Diffraction, interference, optical detectors, lens aberrations, lasers, spectra, scattering, optical testing.  1 lecture, 3 hrs. lab.
{Fall}

*477L.  Experimental Techniques of Optics.  (3)
Diffraction, interference, optical detectors, lens aberrations, lasers, spectra, scattering, optical testing.  1 lecture, 3 hrs. lab.
{Spring}

491.  Intermediate Quantum Mechanics I.  (3)
Schrödinger Equations; Heisenberg uncertainty principle; postulates; Dirac notation; one-dimensional potentials; harmonic
oscillator; angular momentum; H-Atom.  Prerequisites: 330 or equivalent, and Math 321.  {Fall}

492. Intermediate Quantum Mechanics II.  (3)
Spin; Pauli principle; perturbation theory; scattering; applications of quantum mechanics.  {Spring}

*493L.  Contemporary Physics Laboratory.  (3)
Spectrographic methods; lasers, atomic structure; high Tc superconductivity; natural and artificial radioactivity; cosmic rays.  1
lecture, 5 hrs. lab.  {Spring}

*495.  Theory of Special Relativity.  (3)
Relativistic kinematics and dynamics, relativistic electromagnetism, application to subatomic physics and astrophysics.  {Offered
upon demand}

496.  Intermediate Quantum Mechanics Honors I.  (3)
Schrödinger Equations; Heisenberg uncertainty principle; postulates; Dirac notation; one-dimensional potentials; harmonic
oscillator; angular momentum; H) atom.  {Fall}

497.  Intermediate Quantum Mechanics Honors II.  (3)
Spin; Pauli principle; perturbation theory; scattering; applications of quantum mechanics.  {Spring}

498L.  Contemporary Physics Honors Laboratory.  (3)
Spectrographic methods; lasers, atomic structure; high Tc superconductivity; natural and artificial radioactivity; cosmic rays.  1
lecture, 5 hrs. lab.  {Spring}

500-501.  Advanced Seminar.  (1-3 to a maximum of 12, 1-3 to a maximum of 12) @
{Fall, Spring}

503.  Classical Mechanics I.  (3)
Review of Lagrangian dynamics; two-body central force; rigid-body motion; small oscillations; Hamilton’s equations; canonical
transformations; Hamilton-Jacobi theory.  {Fall}

505.  Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics.  (3)
Review of thermodynamics; classical statistical mechanics; ensemble theory; quantum statistical mechanics with examples.
{Spring}

511.  Electrodynamics.  (3)
Review of electro- and magnetostatics; E & M waves; covariant electrodynamics; radiation; scattering; diffraction, and collisions.
{Spring}

512.  Selected Topics in E & M.   (3)
Prerequisite: 511.  {Offered upon demand}

521.  Graduate Quantum Mechanics I.  (3)
Review of 1-dim. potentials; Dirac formalism; postulates; symmetries and conservation laws; harmonic oscillator; angular
momentum and spin; central potentials; approximation methods. Prerequisites: 491 and 492, or equivalent.  {Fall}

522.  Graduate Quantum Mechanics II.  (3)
More on angular momentum; scattering; identical particles; relativistic quantum mechanics; second quantization; introduction
to QED. Prerequisite: 521, or equivalent.  {Spring}

523.  Quantum Field Theory I.  (3)
Introduction to relativistic quantum mechanics, and quantum mechanics and quantum field theory with applications drawn from
quantum electrodynamics and high-energy physics. Prerequisites: 521 and 522.  {Alternate Years}

524.  Quantum Field Theory II.  (3)
A continuation of 523.  {Offered upon demand}

529. Condensed Matter I.  (3)
Band concepts; Bloch functions; phonons and their interactions; superconductivity.  Prerequisites: 430 and 521.  {Alternate Falls}

530. Condensed Matter II.  (3)
Optical properties; transport theory; excitons; superfluidity. Prerequisite: 529.  {Alternate Springs}

531. Atomic and Molecular Structure.  (3)
One-, two-, and many-electron atoms; interactions with E & M radiation; fine and superfine structure; external fields; molecular
structure and spectra; collisions; applications of atomic and molecular physics. Prerequisite: 521, or equivalent.  {Alternate years}

532. Selected Topics in Atomic and Molecular Structure.  (3)
Prerequisite: 521, or equivalent.  {Offered upon demand}

534. Plasma Physics I.  (3)
(Also offered as Astr, Ch-NE, EECE 534.)  Plasma parameters, adiabatic invariants, orbit theory, plasma oscillations,
hydromagnetic waves, plasma transport, stability, kinetic theory, nonlinear effects, applications. Prerequisite: consent of
nstructor.  {Fall}

535. Plasma Physics II.  (3)
(Also offered as Ch-NE, EECE 535.)  Derivation of fluid equations; CGL, MCD; equilibrium in the fluid plasma; energy principle;
Rayleigh-Taylor, two-stream, and firehose instabilities; applications to lCF and open- and closed-line magnetic confinement
systems; nonlinear instability theory. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. {Alternate Springs}

536. Advanced Astrophysics I.  (3)
(Also offered as Astr 536.)  Astrophysical problems as illustrations of classical and statistical mechanics, as well as E&M:
expansion of the universe; dark matter; big-bang nucleosynthesis; interiors of white dwarfs and neutron stars; supernova
explosions; formation of galaxies.  {Fall}

537. Advanced Astrophysics II.  (3) †
(Also offered as Astr 537.)  Astrophysical problems as illustrations of quantum mechanics: H- and other atoms; molecules;
spectral lines in the astrophysical environment; Doppler effect; ionized regions surrounding stars; centers of active galaxies;
Lyman alpha forest; non-Keplerian rotation of galaxies.  {Spring}

 538L.  [538.]  Selected Methods of Theoretical & Computational Physcs.  [Advanced Methods of Theoretical Physics.]
(3-4) [3] †
Selected topics in methods of theoretical and computational physics.  {Offered upon demand}

540.  Introduction to Nuclear Physics.  (3)
Selected topics within nuclear physics.  {Offered upon demand}

542.  Particle Physics I.  (3)
Overview of the standard model, including electroweak interactions, gauge theories, QCD, other selected topics.
Prerequisites: 450, 491 and 492 or equivalent.  {Alternate Falls}

543. Particle Physics II.  (3)
Continues 542, with emphasis on standard model, electroweak interactions, gauge theories, QCD, and experimental aspects of
particle physics.  {Alternate Springs}

551.  Problems.  (1-4 hrs. per semester to a maximum of 16)  @
Course may be repeated with any single faculty member.  Offered on a CR/NC basis only.

552. Problems.  (1-4 hrs. per semester to a maximum of 16)  @
Course may be repeated with any single faculty member.

554. Advanced Optics II.  (3)
(Also offered as EECE 567.) Coherence theory, fully coherent objects, imaging by partially coherent objects, partially polarized light. Prerequisite: 463. {Spring}

555. Nonlinear Optics.  (3)
(Also offered as EECE 568.) General concepts, microscopic approach, transient response and pulse propagation, nonlinear processes. Prerequisites: 554, 564.  {Alternate Springs}

556. Optical Coherence Theory.  (3)
Time dependence of coherent and incoherent light beams, intensity fluctuations of chaotic light, fringe intensity, first order
correlation function, higher order correlation functions, photo-electron statistics. Prerequisite: 554.  {Offered upon demand}

559. Internship in Optical Science and Engineering.  (3)
(Also offered as EECE 559.) This C.O.R.E. (NSF/IGERT) course will include student research and/or development in any area of optical science and engineering while working at a participating industry or governmental laboratory.

564.  Laser Physics II.  (3) ††
Semiclassical laser theory, mode problems, pulse propagation, self-induced transparency, phase conjugate optics, photon
statistics. Prerequisite: 464.  {Alternate Springs}

566. Quantum Optics.  (3) 1 ††
Research topics at the frontiers of quantum optics including photon statistics, superradiance, advanced laser theory, quantum
noise, quantum nondemolition, and the application of quantum optical techniques to the foundations of physics.
Prerequisite: 564.  {Fall}

569. Advanced Topics in Modern Optics.  (3) 1 ††
Possible topics include dye lasers, solid-state lasers, novel lasers, interaction between intense lasers and matter, advanced
nonlinear optics spectroscopy.  {Offered upon demand}

570. Theory of Relativity.  (3)
Einstein’s theory of general relativity both as a theoretical model for gravitational forces via curved space times and as applied to
various realistic astrophysical situations such as neutron stars, black holes, and gravitational waves. Prerequisite: 503.  {Offered upon demand}

573.  Classical Mechanics II.  (3)
Introduction to methods and topics of current interest in classical mechanics, particularly methods of advanced Hamiltonian
mechanics and topics related to nonlinear dynamics and chaos in Hamiltonian and dissipative systems.  Prerequisite: 503.
{Alternate years}

576. Advanced Statistical Mechanics.  (3)
Introduction to topics and methods of current areas of interest in statistical mechanics, particularly the area of cooperative
phenomena and the area of nonequilibrium (time-dependent) statistical mechanics.  {Alternate years}

580.  Advanced Plasma Physics.  (3)
(Also offered as Ch-NE, EECE 580.)  Plasma kinetics equations, Vlasov theories of plasma waves and microinstabilities, Landau
damping, nonlinear evolution of instabilities, turbulence, applications, transport in fluid plasmas; Fokker-Planck, Krook collision
model. Prerequisites: 534, 535.  {Offered upon demand}

599.  Master's Thesis.  (1-6 hrs. per semester)
May be repeated to a maximum of 12 hours, but only 6 hours will count toward the program of studies. Offered on a CR/NC
basis only.

650.  Research.  (1-12 to a maximum of 24)  @
May be repeated with any single faculty member.

699.  Dissertation.  (3-12 hrs. per semester)  @
Offered on a CR/NC basis only.
 

Astrophysics (Astr)
For Astr 101 through 109 see the general interest courses described above.

270.  General Astronomy.  (3)
Concepts of astronomy, with emphasis on the Solar System.
Pre- or corequisites: Math 150 or 162L, and any physics course numbered 150 or higher.  {Fall}

270L.  [272L.]   General Astronomy Laboratory I.  [General Astronomy Laboratory I and II.]  (1)
Observations of the moon, planets, and stars. Pre- or corequisite: 270.  3 hrs. lab.  {Fall}

271.  General Astronomy.  (3)
Stellar astronomy, the galaxy, extra-galactic systems, cosmology. Pre- or corequisites: Math 150 or 162L, and any physics course numbered 150 or higher.  Recommended prerequisite: 270.  {Spring}

271L.  [273L.]  General Astronomy Laboratory.  (1)
Observations of the moon, planets, and stars. Pre- or corequisites: 271.  3 hrs. lab.  {Spring} .

*421.  Concepts of Astrophysics.  (3)
Radiation processes, interaction of radiation with matter, simple applications to a variety of astrophysical problems.
Prerequisites: Physcs 330 or 491, 492 or their equivalent.  {Fall}

*422.  Stars and Stellar Systems.  (3) 1 ††
Applications of advanced astrophysical concepts to single stars and stars in groups (binaries, clusters, and galaxies).
Prerequisite: 421.  {Spring}

*423.  Radio Astronomy.  (3)
Single dish and aperture synthesis radio observations; emission processes at radio wavelengths: synchrotron radiation, thermal
bremsstrahlung. Prerequisites: Physcs 330 or 491 and 492 or their equivalent.  {Offered upon demand}

*424.  Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology.  (3) †
Distribution, properties, and interactions of galaxies and quasars; large scale clusterings of matter, formation and evolution of the
universe; physical cosmology.  {Offered upon demand}

*425.  Galactic Astronomy.  (3)
The observed and inferred structure, kinematics and macroscopic time-dependent properties of our galaxy.  Considerable
emphasis placed on the use and interpretation of actual observations.  {Offered upon demand}

*426. Optics and Instrumentation.  (3) †
Principles of optics and quantum physics applied to modern astronomical instrumentation (over a wide range of electromagnetic
wavelengths), data acquisition and processing.  {Offered upon demand}

*427.  Selected Topics in Planetary Astronomy.  (3) †
Planetary physics; planetary investigation using space vehicles; optical properties of planetary atmospheres.  {Offered upon
demand}

*432.  Introduction to Hydrodynamics.  (3)
(Also offered as Physics 432.)  Basic concepts and principles, rotational and irrotational flows, momentum equation, stability,
turbulence, flowpatterns, shocks, applications.  {Offered upon demand}

*437.  Introduction to Solar-Terrestrial Physics.  (3)
(Also offered as Physics 437.)  The sun as a star, solar activity, acceleration of particles on the sun and in interplanetary space,
dynamics of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field, magnetosphere of the earth, ring current, radiation belts,
solar-terrestrial effects.  {Offered upon demand}

*445.  Introduction to Cosmic Radiation.  (3)
(Also offered as Physics 445.)  Primary cosmic radiation, Stormer theory, production and detection of secondary cosmic radiation,
meteorological and environmental effects, temporal variations, heliospheric transport, extensive air showers and origin of cosmic
rays.  {Offered upon demand}

*455.  Problems.  (1-3 hrs. per semester, to a maximum of 6)  @

534.  Plasma Physics I.  (3)
(Also offered as Ch-NE / Physics / EECE 534.)  Plasma parameters, adiabatic invariants, orbit theory, plasma oscillations,
hydromagnetic waves, plasma transport, stability, kinetic theory, nonlinear effects, applications. Prerequisite: consent of
instructor.  {Fall}

536.  Advanced Astrophysics I.  (3)
(Also offered as Physics 536.)  Astrophysical problems as illustrations of classical and statistical mechanics, as well as E&M:
expansion of the universe; dark matter; big-bang nucleosynthesis; interiors of white dwarfs and neutron stars; supernova
explosions; formation of galaxies.  {Fall}

537. Advanced Astrophysics II.  (3) †
(Also offered as Physics 537.)  Astrophysical problems as illustrations of quantum mechanics; hydrogen and other atoms;
molecules; spectral lines in the astrophysical environment; Doppler effect; ionized regions surrounding stars; centers of active
galaxies; Lyman alpha forest; non-Keplerian rotation of galaxies.   {Spring}